Theories Of Human Development - 1401 Words

Human development is an active process resulting from interactions between an individual and their environment. The processes involved in an individual’s development and overall life outcomes are complex, everchanging, and unique. Given the complexity of human development, the central tenets of my professional conceptual foundation of development include biological factors inherent in the individual, psychological influences, and social interactions. Thus, my professional perspective can best be explained by a synthesis of theoretical foundations based on biological contributors to human development and behavior, Sameroff’s transactional ecological model, Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, Bowlby’s theory of early relationships, and†¦show more content†¦Additionally, studies show that imbalances in neurohormones relate to psychiatric disorders, learning disabilities, and aggressive behaviors (Ecker et al., 2015; Fairchild et al., 2012; Gied d et l., 2014), all of which will relate to the life experiences an individual with any of these ailments has. While my professional perspective of development considers biological influences, how these factors interact with environmental contributors can determine the negative or positive impacts on an individual’s developmental progress and life outcomes. The transactional ecological model (Sameroff, 2010) emphasizes the complexity of child development and the vast number of environmental factors that influence life outcomes. Commonly, a multitude of factors contributes to behavioral, emotional, or developmental disturbances in children rather than a single force. This model places equal emphasis on the child and the environment, and how these elements interact with each other, not independently. The model recognizes the impact of social class, gender, education, socialization, family beliefs and values, the psychological well-being of caregivers, parent/caregiver practices, family dynamics, interpersonal relationships, and how these factors interact with each other to shape an individual. Overall, this theory explains that human development and life outcomes emerge from a combination of individual differences and life experiences. Bowlby’s theory of earlyShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Human Development Theory1642 Words   |  7 PagesHuman development theories are theories intended to account for how and why people become, as they are. These theories provide the framework to clarify and organize existing observations and to try to explain and predict human behavior. It is important to recognize the complexity of human development and the theories that explain human development. (Berger, pg. 23). The three theories that have influenced by development are Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Theory, Abraham Maslow’s Humanism and Erik Erikson’sRead MoreTheories And Theories Of Human Development1337 Words   |  6 Pages10/11/17 Principles of Human Development Paper #1 The concepts and theories of human development are important for a school counselor to have knowledge on. Knowledge on these topics can aid the counselor in better understanding the circumstances of their students. There are three main developmental sections which will be discussed in this paper. Those three include physical development, cognitive development, and social development. Each section contains multiple theories and concepts that wouldRead MoreThe Theories Of Human Development774 Words   |  4 PagesTheories of Human development are relevant and matter in the â€Å"real world†. In my clinical practice as a psychologist-in-training, I have found human development theories to be very useful in conceptualizing and understanding my client’s distress. I used theoretical frameworks that are based on theories of human development to guide my interventions in therapy. For example, as a brief psychodynamic clinician, I look to Freud’s theory of anxiety to und erstand how distress was developed for my clientsRead MoreThe Theory Of Human Development1060 Words   |  5 PagesTheories of human development deliver a framework to deliberate human growth, development, and learning. Understanding the theories can deliver useful contents into individuals and society a set of principles and concepts that describe life span development. Development perspectives are the psychoanalytic theory, behavior theory, humanistic approach and cognitive theory. Each theory focuses on different aspects of human development. The psychoanalytic is â€Å"the approach stating that behavior is motivatedRead MoreThe Theory Of Human Development1196 Words   |  5 PagesAssociation 2009 define biopsychosocial as â€Å"the systematic integration of the biological, psychological and social approaches of the study of mental health and specific mental disorders (p.48).† The human lifespan is primary base of the human grow process that start with the reproduction , the process of the human body, the brain and internal organs that are developing during the pregnancy, birth, early, middle, and late childhood, adolescence, early, middle, and late adulthood until the end of life. AdditionallyRead MoreThe Theory Of The Human Development993 Words   |  4 PagesPart 1: Of the four major psychological theories (ecological, behavioral, humanistic, psychoanalytic), which one(s) is/are most closely aligned with your personal belief system? All four major Psychological theories are very significant, but based on my reading about all of them, I can convey that the ecological theory is the most closely aligned with my personal belief system. Part 2: Why? I chose this theory because it states that a person’s development is influenced by everything in the surroundingRead MoreThe Theory Of Human Development2064 Words   |  9 PagesThe life span theories is about four different theories; the psychoanalytic, behaviourism, cognitive and humanistic. Erikson has some similarities with Freud however it is extremely different in other ways. Rather than Erikson focusing on sexual interest as a driving force in development, he believed that social interaction and experience played a decisive role. Erikson has an eight stage theory of human development which describes the process from birth to death and the crisis of each stage bringsRead MoreThe Theory Of Human Development2240 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction The concept of human development has been explored and researched by many psychologists and scholars for centuries through the entire human history. The research done by this group of people has found out a lot about human deve lopment. This is a topic that concerns every member of the society and that’s why researchers are interested in it. Development is a topic that can be viewed from different angles. For instance, there are economists who understand human development based on a person’sRead MoreThe Theory Of Human Development Essay1627 Words   |  7 PagesHuman ‘development’ does not exist in stasis – it is constantly in flux. The outcomes of human development are intrinsically linked to overarching power structures, and include psychological dimensions including social recognition. Thus, ‘development’ is dynamic and highly contextualised – it is governed by socio-economic class, domestic politics, geographical location, and the wider institutional context. Working within a particular framework requires acknowledging that concepts of human developmentRead MoreHuman Development Theories Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Development Theories In addition to Freud’s psychodynamic theory there are four other human development philosophies; biological, cognitive, behavioral and systems model. Even though these theories differ they all contain the same basic assumptions. People will continue to grow. People exhibit both stability and flux as they pass through life. People are holistic, of mind body and spirit. Lastly, individual people must be understood in the context of relationships and setting (Cash White,

Under Age Essay example - 605 Words

Eighteen year old people should be allowed to drink alcohol. When our 18th birthday roles around we become of legal age. We sign for the draft and become eligible to fight for our country. Its possible now to be charged as an adult and spend life in prison and we can now purchase tobacco products and all other drug paraphernalia. I cant drink beer though, I must wait till my 21st birthday. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As a teenager who recently turned 18 and is now of legal age my point is valid. Underage drinking becomes more of a problem day by day and we cant seem to stop it. Liquor stores check Id’s and underage kids still seem to be able to get their hands on liquor and beer. If a fake I.D does not work then an older sibling, friend†¦show more content†¦As much as we would like to stop this problem, we can’t. The only way to stop this problem is by lowering the drinking age. Many fear that the problem will heighten and become uncontrollable. However, I disagree in a sense where kids will become more responsible and not have to hide their habits and break the law to enjoy a fun-filled night. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The age of 18 just seems more reasonable. As we turn 18 we become legal adults who have access to all that is out there, except alcohol. Are the effects worse after drinking liquor when your underage rather than 21? Absolutely not. Regardless of your age alcohol will still get you drunk, therefore, a legal adult should be able to consume alcohol. Yes, kids tend to drink to get drunk and not casually drink but if you think about it economically liquor stores will benefit greatly. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Is underage drinking truly that bad? Would the government rather see us with a beer in my hand or a joint? As legal adults we can enter bars, clubs, and other areas where liquor is served but unfortunately cannot join the atmosphere in its drinking stage. There is no reason for this. No, I’m not an alcoholic or either is half the kids that like to get drunk at college parties or even on weekend nights. Yes, we are young, but we are considered legal adults as well. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Adults by nature can drink liquor freely. Eighteen year olds should be allowed to consume liquor. The termShow MoreRelatedThe Themes Listed Under Functional Age1294 Words   |  6 PagesResearch and Analysis The research analysis will now discuss the themes listed under functional age. It will elaborate on how biological, psychological and sociological factors contribute towards describing the definition of what it is to be old. As stated in my introduction, functional age has advantages over chronological age by better measuring the capabilities of an individual. Seniors are often stereotyped and underestimated that has led it to being generalized across the elder population.Read MoreAdolescent, Pre Teen And Under Age Drinking Essay1341 Words   |  6 PagesAdolescent, Pre-Teen and Under Age Drinking Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the serious problems and concerns associated with adolescent, pre-teen and underage drinking. Central Idea: Three things that my audience will learn about adolescent, pre-teen, underage drinking are as follows: Risk Factors that may cause underage alcohol use and abuse, Prevention of underage alcohol use and abuse, and the Benefits of not participating in underage alcohol use and abuse. I. Introduction: CONFUSION†¦FORGETFULLNESS†¦ARGUMENITIVENESS†¦LOSSRead MoreHomeless Adolescents Under The Age Of Eighteen2409 Words   |  10 PagesSeparate Shelters are needed for Homeless Adolescents under the age of Eighteen. Deanna Marzolf Angela Chew Fayetteville State University Author Note Social Work 410 Dr. Erica Campbell Abstract In communities across the nation, homeless adolescents under the age of eighteen are surviving on the streets alone and afraid. The availability of homeless shelters, for this demographic, areRead MoreDiarrhoea in Children under the Age of Five1163 Words   |  5 PagesDiarrhoea is the second leading cause of death among children under the age of five. Almost one in five child deaths is due to diarrhoea. The illness kills more young children than AIDS, malaria and measles combined. With an astounding 1.5 million children each year dying from this communicable disease .Young children, the elderly and people with compromised immune systems are particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), aboutRead MoreChild Soldiers And Children Under The Age Of 181419 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"For child soldiers, everyday is a living nightmare† (Chatterjee, 2012). Child soldiers are children under the age of 18 who are used in the military for any source of benefit. Child soldiers worldwide have become a huge issue, leading to many unnecessary deaths as well as lifelong mental trauma. According to â€Å"For Child Soldiers, Every Day is a Living Nightmare† 90% of the child soldiers in Liberia show post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as 65% showing depression post-war. DevelopingRead MoreMy Proposal For Children Under The Age Of Six980 Words   |  4 PagesYi Qu Dr. Anne Heintzman 2014/10/30 Word Count: 980 Competitive Analysis Introduction My proposal is for helping children under the age of six in China stand to benefit from increased access to high quality preschool education. Since 1979, the one-child policy has been in effect for 30 years in China. The first generation of single child are now growing into childbearing age. The one-child policy in China is altering family roles and child-rearing practices, raising concerns about the possible harmfulRead MoreThe Effects Of Pertussis On Infants Under The Age Of One Essay728 Words   |  3 Pagesinfants under the age of one in Bell County. As mentioned earlier, pertussis is given to infants at the age of two, four and six months (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). Even though, a number of the infants acquire this immunization, their immunity still lacks. In 2012, there was a report of 21 confirmed cases in the local area of pertussis and 20 that were unconfirmed (Fort Hood Sentinel, 2012). There was a confirmation that pertussis was seen in children und er the age of one. AdditionallyRead MoreThe Rates Of Young Women Under The Age Of 212315 Words   |  10 PagesCarolina Central University Graduate Studies- Department of Criminal Justice Research Methods Paper Olivia Simone McDonald Purpose/ Background The purpose of this research is to identify and determine if The Rates of Young Women Under the Age of 21 Who Are Taken for Involuntarily Prostitution by Human Traffickers in the United States is Rapidly Increasing.  This methodology will include the Purpose/Background, Research Hypotheses, Research design, Sampling, Mode of Data Collection, andRead MoreReducing Pertussis Children Under The Age Of One Years1211 Words   |  5 PagesReducing Pertussis in Children under the Age of One Years Healthy People 2020 The group chose to focus on the pertussis immunization in infants. Infants are the most vulnerable when it comes to communicable diseases. Though many children under the age of one year stay home during the day, they can be considered at high risk just as those that attend other daycare and child care settings. This is because older siblings can carry home illness that can be contracted by the infant as easily as beingRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Is Committed By A Minor Under The Age Of 18979 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile delinquency refers to a status offense that is committed by a minor under the age of 18. Status offenses include crimes against property, for example, vandalism or stealing, physical violence against others for example, aggravated assault, murder, other crimes such as drug abuse violations, curfew and loitering, and driving under the influence; and sexual crimes for example sexual assault or rape (Enginurt, Ozer, Demir, Yildirim, Cankaya, 2014; Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

Authenticity Within Hospitality Industry free essay sample

Due to globalization and a world increasingly filled with deliberately stage experiences within the hospitality industry, consumers crave for authenticity. Instead of making the employees as cast members or puppets, the organization must identify what makes it authentic by finding the deeper meaning of the organization’s DNA and involving their staff members through-out the process, frontline staff in particular. Zaina Ibrahim BA of International Hospitality Management University College of Northern Denmark On one occasion, however, we left disappointed and couldn’t pinpoint why: all of the service tangibles were present. What had been missing, however, was authenticity on the part of the staff; they said and did all the â€Å"right† things, but failed to be fully engaged and invested in their actions and words — they were not authentic. † (McCrary 2008) Authenticity in Tourism and Hospitality is of a high demand both personally and professionally. Due to globalization, virtualisation and rapid development, there is nothing left un-touched, it is a challenge to define what? s fake and what? s real. Living in an artificial world filled with deliberately stage experiences, people crave for authenticity. Gilmore and Pine II indicate that goods and services are no longer enough; what consumers want today are experiences – memorable events that engage them in an inherently personal way and they choose to buy based on how real they perceive an offering to be. Business today, therefore, is all about being real, original, genuine, sincere and authentic. (Gilmore and Pine II, 2007) In the hospitality industry, consumers play an important role on how to develop or improve the product and services offered within the industry. According to Ian Yeoman who is a professional futurologist specializing in travel and tourism, authenticity evolves because consumers search for exceptional experience, special moments that are original and real. (Yeoman, 2008) Consumers have the power to voice out their satisfaction or dissatisfaction to the whole world via online rating sites like Tripadvisor. The majority of those comments are about experiences they had during their travelling period. The factors that have the biggest impact on guests are when hotel guests have had a bad experience due to poor services from the front line staff. In Tom McCrarys case, how can a frontline staff portray a service that is totally different from what the organization is promoting? This question is interesting because it sheds light on the importance of a mutual understanding on authenticity within all staff members of the hotel. Not just to act authentic but to be authentic as a professional. How hoteliers define authenticity will have an effect on how they practice authenticity in reality. There for it is interesting to direct attention to the understandings of authenticity within a hotels organisation. Zaina Ibrahim /International Hospitality Management (2012) Page 2 This research will focus on the hotel industry. Instead of focusing externally on what the consumers define as authentic experiences, the study is going to highlight authenticity seen from an organizational development platform. The attention will particularly be oriented towards the frontline staffs that constantly are in direct interaction with hotel guests. In order for a hotel to provide real authentic experiences it is of high necessity that the organization itself is able to find and define its authenticity. The hotel has to address the question: â€Å"What is the deeper meaning of our existence, what is our DNA that makes us stand out from the others looking beyond profitable goals? (Senge, 2010) If a hotel fails to work with these questions in cooperation with the employees it might lead to fakeness or a mismatch between what the hotel portrays to provide and what the front liners actually provide in their actions. The hypothesis of this synopsis is that in order for a hotel to provide sustainable authentic experiences, hoteliers within the hotel need to have mutual understandings of the hotels authenticity or DNA. This is the foundation for being able to provide authentic products and services. This leads to the investigation of: How do hoteliers from different departments of a hotel conceptualize â€Å"authenticity†? What are the connections between these conceptualizations and the way the hotel provide authentic experiences in practice? It is important to underline that this synopsis mainly focuses on the first part of the problem formulation – â€Å"How do hoteliers conceptualize â€Å"authenticity†. The second part of the problem formulation can only be answered after analyse the empirical data regarding the first question. Zaina Ibrahim /International Hospitality Management (2012) Page 3 Theory of Science Social Constructionism The scientific foundation of this synopsis is based on social constructionism. It is with the lens of social constructionism this paper is going to try to conceptualise authenticity. Before beginning this process it? s important to understand what social constructionism is? Social constructionism focuses on uncovering the ways in which individuals and groups participate in the creation of their perceived social reality. Knowledge and truth is socially constructed and there for not objectively given. When people interact they socially construct their reality, which means reality is constantly constructed and reproduced. Constructionists view knowledge and truth as created not discovered by the mind (Schwandt, 2003) and supports the view that being a realist is not inconsistent with being a constructionist. Language and communication play an important role in social constructionism as language creates and recreates reality instead of being a result of reality. In other words it is through communication and conceptualization that our lives become meaningful and through that we learn. It is through constant affirmation and negotiation of meaning people coordinate realities and significance; hence it will be hollow for a social constructionist to research without engaging in human interaction in meaningful contexts. Communicating through language brings concepts across and provides means of structuring the way the world is experienced. (Arbnor Bjerke, 2009) Zaina Ibrahim /International Hospitality Management (2012) Page 4 A social constructionist will not be interested in finding the real essence of authenticity nor reaching a closed and definitive definition of the concept. Instead the focus will be on how the people within the hotel industry conceptualise and use authenticity in their working lives. The word ‘authenticity’ will only become meaningful for a social constructionist in the instant where it becomes an objective for negotiating and coordination of meaning. The interest will be on how people socially conceptualize the term ‘authenticity’ and use it to co-construct meaningful realities. Social Constructionism view on this study In order to create substantial authenticity throughout the hotel organization you need to direct the attention to how the hoteliers from the General Manager to the Receptionist conceptualize authenticity. Authenticity meaning what is the hotel’s DNA or what is the organization put in this world to do looking beyond goals of profitability. To do this, it? important to stress that real authenticity has to come from within the hotel organization itself and not be constructed from the consumer’s perception or seen as an instrumental tool. Implementing authenticity could sound very instrumental but in fact it involves a deeper form of reflection and learning because it evolves the identity of the hotel. There for it is very difficult and probably time-consuming for an organization to work wit h authenticity but it is necessary to include this internal change process in order to provide sustainable authentic experiences without faking or acting. Research Methodology Qualitative Research From a social constructionists point of view qualitative research methods are preferable, because it is the method which can unfold how language is used to construct reality and create meaning. There for qualitative research will be used on this study to collect empirical data. More over by using qualitative research, the opportunity of seeing it through the eyes of the hoteliers being studied is an advantage. What is qualitative research? It is a research strategy that emphasize words rather than quantification in the collection and analysis of data (Bryman,2008). The main steps of qualitative research which will be implemented during the process of collecting the data are attached. See appendix 1. Zaina Ibrahim /International Hospitality Management (2012) Page 5 Semi-structured interviewing Semi-structured interviewing would be the best method to apply because it is a two way communication which can be used to use to gather qualitative information. Most importantly it provides the opportunity for learning from a social constructionist point of view. What is semi-structured interviewing? A researcher has a list of specific questions to be covered, usually referred to as an interview guide but the interviewee has a great deal of flexibility and freedom in how to reply. As the interviewer pick up things from the interviewee, the interviewer might ask questions that is not in the guide. The interview process is flexible and emphasizes more on how the interviewee understands the issues or subject. Bryman, 2008) The reason semi-structured interview is chosen for this research is because it not only provides answers but it provides the reasons of the answer. The relatively unstructured nature of the interview has the capacity to provide insights into how hoteliers from different departments conceptualize ‘authenticity’ and connects it to their work. Interviewing one representative from every department in a relaxed atmosp here, without the intervention from other staff members, will hopefully result in very sincere and authentic interviews. Hopefully the employees will unfold their true stories regarding authenticity. Semi-structured interviewing steps procedures: Step 1 Planning interviews 1) Identifying respondents 2) Number of interviews 3) Preparing interviews Step 2 Interviewing respondents 1) Initiating interviews 2) Conducting interviews 3) Concluding interviews Step 3 Data analysis Zaina Ibrahim /International Hospitality Management (2012) Page 6 Data Analysis Narrative analysis Narrative analysis is suitable for analysing this research data because of how it can explore and identify identity and its focus on the role of stories in creating and maintaining organizational identity, culture and structure. This is supported by Riessmen, narrative is a basic human way of making sense of the world – we lead ‘storied lives’ (Riessman, 1993) What is narrative analysis? This particular study requires a story telling, because it can help make sense of the events the hoteliers have experienced. Critical reflections There is a paradox in this research. It was stated that interaction and engagement in relations are key aspects of sense-making. However this synopsis is only done by the researcher alone without any disturbance from outside that could change knowledge, perception and reality. The interviewer needs to be aware that she indirectly is a co-creator of reality. The interactions thereby influence the negotiating of meaning. Reflecting on the power of words, it is important to reflect on the language that the interviewer brings into the interview. This is because the words chosen by the interviewer will affect the interviewee. It is of a high importance to give space and freedom for the interviewee to unfold her untold stories and remember that the interviewer is also an intervener. In semi-structured interviews viewpoints must be covered during the interview because this method is the way of capturing perceptions and concerns of the hotel staff. Lastly the interviewer needs to practice the skills of intense listening and provide questions that can unfold stories. Limitations This research has several limitations; it does not focus on consumers as important as they may be. Yes it is important to consider consumers during this process, however in this case the first step or phase is to achieve authenticity by looking at the organization itself.

Quebec Winter Carnival Essays (522 words) - Parades, Mardi Gras

Quebec Winter Carnival The Quebec Winter Carnival Quebec City is the World's Snow Capital. Quebec City held its first winter carnival in 1894. It was an elaborate celebration that provided people with relief from the cold harsh winter. In the sixty years that followed these winter carnivals were organized periodically. It wasn't until 1955 that a group of local businessmen decided that an annual carnival would be a good way to stimulate the economy during the long winter months. The Quebec Carnival grew to become Quebec City's third-largest industry, far surpassing its organizers dreams. The Carnival's activities reflect the character and the tastes of the modern-day people. They also include many of Quebec's most famous traditions. Beautiful snow sculptures as well as the traditional canoe race across the mighty St. Lawrence River are as spectacular and as popular as ever. Since 1955, the Quebec Winter Carnival was recognized as the World's biggest winter celebration, and is the third largest carnival, after those in Rio and New Orleans. Today Quebec City's historic streets are filled with people of all ages, anxious to experience the joys of winter at the world-famous Quebec Carnival. The Quebec Carnival offers a wide variety of sporting events. The legendary International Canoe Race, a popular tradition since the very first Carnival, is a true test of courage and determination. Teams from around the world attempt to cross the mighty St. Lawrence River between Quebec City and Levis must battle ice floes, treacherous currents, and freezing temperatures. There's also something called the Roll in the snow, for participants dressed only in a bathing suit. The provincial dogsled racing Championship called La Grande viree , the Soapbox Derby, the Car Race on ice and the Cross Country skiing Classic of the Quebec Winter Carnival are just some of the activities at the Quebec Winter Carnival. The Carnival has brightly-lit night parades which are the most colorful part of its program. Each year, more than 500,000 spectators bundle up to attend the exciting event which features fabulous floats, smartly dressed marching bands, and clowns. Elaborate parades also wind through the streets of City, with music and enchantment. The International Snow Sculpture is one of the Carnival's most popular activities and essentially its finest art exhibit. This event has attracted sculptors from around the globe, who have created splendid and imaginative works. In 1998, 21 countries took part in the International category. Despite its severe northern climate, Quebec City is a popular winter tourist destination. Hundreds of Thousands people participate in the Carnival's activities each year. Of these, 60 000 come from outside Quebec province, thereby providing sizeable revenue for local hotels and restaurants. The Carnival is a driving force in Quebec's tourist industry. A 1997 study conducted by Le Groupe Leger et Leger indicated that the economic impact of the Quebec Winter Carnival could be evaluated at $48 millions. The Quebec Winter Carnival has many activities for all ages. Activities range from simple exhibits to spectacular exhibits of ice sculptures. You can take part in games and enjoy outside sports and cultural events with yours friends and family. English Essays

The baroque violin essays

The baroque violin essays The Baroque Violin and its Repertoire. The Baroque period clearly began around 1600 and was ended with the death of Bach in 1750. During this period of music, after a revolution from the renaissance period, many new techniques and styles of musical composition and performance emerged. This started with the implementation and growing affection towards homophony, where a solo instrument is backed by one or more accompanists. The number of accompanists could vary from one to a whole orchestra. Such music saw the emergence of the musical style, Opera. This came about when the music was written as an accompaniment for the solo/s coming from the voice/s. The coming of baroque homophony saw the beginning of the new age of music. Another compositional technique that emerged during the baroque period was the figured bass, and the basso continuo, which is the section comprising of the lower stringed instruments, mainly the double bass, cello, or harpsichord. The word baroque means to many people, extravagance or flamboyance. Some people would argue that the baroque period saw music without emotion, but I believe that it was quite the opposite after listening to and playing some of Bachs concertos. In this essay I will explain and describe the differences and the development of the baroque violin. I will also describe some techniques used during the times when the baroque violin was used, and the composers who implemented these techniques. Master craftsmen such as Stradivarius and others determined the baroque violin familys original condition. Information as to what that condition was comes from instruments that have survived unaltered. Few instruments still remain. Baroque violins lasted and were used through to the second half of the 18th century, during the classical period. In the 19th century articulation and sonority changed the structure of the violin. The violin top and back serve as an amplifier of the sound...

Reasons for the Civil War essays

Reasons for the Civil War essays Thomas Jefferson once said, Maintaining slavery was like holding a wolf by its ears. You didnt like it, but you didnt dare let it go. (Civil War) Slavery was apart of this nations birth. It would be the deciding factor in the separation from North and South. The separation of the two would cause fear and hatred, which would eventually lead to war. Future president, Abraham Lincoln said it best, As a nation we began by declaring that all men are created equal, we now practically read it: all men are created equal, except Negroes. (Civil War) Slavery was introduced to the lands of North America from the very beginning of English, later American, colonization. Throughout the American Revolution, this idea that all men are created equal was the driving force for change, blood was spilled, but after years of warfare, it was all over; a new nation had been born. Finally, there was a chance to start over, but with this idea of equality came hesitance and there was no change. The question of morality was surpassed by greed and profitability. At the Constitutional Convention, the topic of the Black slave was discussed and after much deliberation, it was proposed that the slave would be treated as three-fifths of that of a White for the purposes of representation and taxation. The only reason why the slave was worth that much was because the Government needed the tax money. If slaves didnt count at all, there wouldnt be two bits to collect in his/her name. Also, at the Convention, the slave trade itself was discussed, but no compromise could be made. In other words, the institution of slavery was protected in the Constitution, the very fabric of this nation. Something that was fought so hard for (equality) was hypocritically passed aside and left alone for the next generation to deal with. Slavery never was commonly practiced in the North. As being a free territory, the Nor...

Management Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management Strategies - Essay Example The ultimate aim and objective of this report will be to provide leadership/management with actionable levels of engagement that they can pursue as a means of effectively presenting iDesign to the market. Whereas it is true that there are a number of key pitfalls and challenges that are presented with respect to launching any new firm within an already saturated market, the analysis and discussion will keep these relevant difficulties in mind and seek to leverage a better understanding for how management and marketing strategies, if effectively employed, can seek to increase the potential for the brand within the market. The brand will seek to combine a high level of technical innovation and 3D printing capabilities within the nexus of cutting-edge fashion and person style; thereby allowing the individual to custom order that style and designs that they feel best suits their own personal tastes. By focusing on innovation, technology, and sustainability, the brand will help to differentiate itself greatly from the many other offerings that already exist within the bloated and saturated clothing/textile market. As has been noted previously, the brand is unique due to the fact that it directly elicits customer input as a means of creating each unique article of fashion. However, beyond this, the focus and drive towards presenting earth conscious and sustainable products directly to the consumer market without the added worry of ethics and potential sweat shop labor abuse, the firm stands well apart from the many competitors that it seeks to leverage market share from.

Essay questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 23

Questions - Essay Example US officials, on the other hand, viewed nuclear energy as having potential non-military benefits, thus giving rise to atomic diplomacy, in which the US sought to prove to the USSR that it was capable and willing to execute a nuclear attack (Ross 33). Atomic diplomacy was used in the Korean War, the first confrontation between the two super-powers, during which the US deployed B-29 bombers as a signal of its resolve, although by 1953, this idea was rejected as a means of coercion to further a cease-fire agreement in the conflict (Arnold & Wiener 21). When the USSR acquired capabilities to deliver nuclear war-heads on Western European and US territories in the late 50s, atomic diplomacy gave way to mutual deterrence, in which the two super-powers refrained from attacking each other due to the certainty of mutually assured destruction. During this period in which the USSR, the US, and its allies were separated by the ‘Iron Curtain’, the West’s general policy was to contain Communist states by keeping them within their present borders and hoping for internal failure and division that would end their threat (Arnold & Wiener 22). Although Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (MLK) was not the founder of the Civil Rights Movement, he can be considered its formative figure and its de facto leader due to his sacrifices and the influence he had on some of its most seminal milestones (Ward & Badger 18). MLK was one of the first African American leaders to advocate for a social movement against racial segregation that used non-violent means, which was a hallmark of the Civil Rights Movement. He provided leadership for the Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial discrimination and segregation against blacks, while also securing federal protection and legal recognition for them as enumerated in federal and constitutional law. He was a major contributor to the Second Reconstruction, which was a

Huckleberry Finn vs. Tom Sawyer Essay Example for Free

Huckleberry Finn vs. Tom Sawyer Essay Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer are very different characters. I think that is what made them such great friends. Tom is always out to have a good time and doesn’t care who he hurts to do it. Huck always follows Tom’s lead even though sometimes he shouldn’t. Huck Finn grew up in a very rough environment. His father was a drunk who would disappear for months on random occasions. Huck is typically dirty and homeless. Eventually he goes to live with Widow Douglas who continually tries to reform Huck, but he resists and keeps his own ways. He said â€Å"The Widow Douglas she took me for her son, and allowed she would sivilize me; but it was rough living in the house all the time, considering how dismal regular and decent the widow was in all her ways; and so when I couldn’t stand it no longer I lit out. I got into my old rags and my sugar-hogshead again, and was free and satisfied.†(2) Huck is also a follower mostly of his good friend Tom. â€Å"But Tom Sawyer he hunted me up and said he was going to start a band of robbers, and I might join if I would go back to the widow and be respectable. So I went back.† (2) This is really the first time Huck has been educated and is taught about religion. Huck grew up in a much tougher environment then his close friend Tom, but he still has a good heart and was an easy going guy. He says â€Å"We said there wasn’t no home like a raft, after all. Other places do seem so cramped up and smothery, but a raft don’t. You feel mighty free and easy and comfortable on a raft.† (42) Tom is Huck’s best friend. They are about the same age but grew up in completely different situation. Tom grew up in white middle class family in a nice comfortable environment. Tom is clearly the leader of the two because Huck is always following his lead. Huck says â€Å"Tom told me what his plan was, and I see in a minute it was worth fifteen of mine for style, and would make Jim just as free a man as mine would, and maybe get us all killed besides. So I was satisfied, and said we would waltz in on it.† (66) Also Huck says â€Å"Tom Sawyer wouldn’t back out so I won’t.† Another thing that is different is Tom is willing to keep a secret that hurts a lot of people. He knows Mrs. Watson has died, but keeps it a secret for his own enjoyment. He could have told and Jim would have been free, but all he cared about was his plan to escape and how fun it was going to be. You  can clearly see the differences between Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. There are many examples in the book that show that. Tom is the leader and Huck is the follower. The biggest difference is the morals of the two. Tom kept a secret that hurt people and all Huck wanted to do was free Jim. After everything said Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer are best friends. They get along so well and will be friends for life.

Essay On Poems :: essays research papers

Essay on 3 Things The three sources I have selected are all based on females. They are all of change and transformation. Two of my selections, "The Friday Everything Changed" by Anne Hart, and "Women and World War II " By Dr. Sharon, are about women’s rites of passage. The third choice, "The sun is Burning Gases (Loss of a Good Friend)" by Cathleen McFarland is about a girl growing up. The first selection of mine was a short story called "The Friday Everything Changed" by Anne Hart. The changes in this story are good in a woman’s point of view. The author Anne Hart talks about her school years in this short story. She talks about how a girl in her class asked a question that changed their lives forever. The question her friend Niles asked was "Why can’t girls go for the water, too?"1. In those days getting the water for the class was a boy’s job. To go out every Friday, to fill the bucket up with water, and bring it back to class. This showed that you were strong, and you also got to have some fun missing half an hour of class. Because the boy’s felt threatened by this question, they started bugging and picking on the girls to make them change their minds. But the girls didn’t, and that is what changed their lives. At the end the teacher did let the girls go for the water, and that was a big change for the girls in those days. To show that they can do what the boys can do. Now the girls also get to miss class getting the water and not only the boys. This short story had a humorous tone to it. For example when the author say’s "are you trying to be saucy , alma?"2 and "Alma threw a bombshell of her own,"3 etc. The second selection of mine was an essay named "Women and World War II " by Dr. Sharon. There were two different changes in this essay that the war created for the women of America, there was a bad change and a good change. The bad change in this essay is that most of the women were left to take care of their families by themselves. They had to find jobs to provide for their families. The good change was that it widened the horizons of American women.

Bmw Films

Decision Problem The primary issue faced by Jim McDowell is what to do for his next marketing campaign. He will need to decide what direction BMW will take in order to stay current in the target market and position the brand as the leader in the luxury car industry. A sub issue that Jim is facing is that in order for BMW to stand out compare to the competition, it must be at the forefront of the marketing trend. There is always pressure on innovative marketing campaigns as a bad campaign can lead to severe damage in the company image and reputation. Decision Alternatives There are a number of alternatives that Jim faces when deciding in what direction to move with the BMW marketing campaign. Develop more short films and build a big series out of it. Develop a full length movie for the theatres Do nothing to the existing campaign and move on to develop a new campaign To continue to use the existing BMW films plus developing a new campaign Creating new films on the heels of the original films plus developing a new campaign Develop a full length movie plus developing a new campaign In order to decide the best alternative it is important to look at some key decision criteria. In this case the important factors would be: delivery time, risk, cost, competitive advantage, ease of implementation. Analysis of Industry In the luxury car segment, BMW and Mercedes have stand strong against the strong competition from Japan like Acura, Lexus, Infiniti. In year 2001, BMW is second best luxury car seller, just behind Lexus amount the other ten major luxury brands. However, BMW only ranked 8th in media expenditures, which again proved the great success on their innovative campaign. In terms of customer loyalty, luxury brand customers do tend to stay among the top brands and are very loyal. There are always customers who switch from BMW to Mercedes or the other way around. Since BMW has the competitive advantage of a younger clientele, it is very important for BMW to create marketing campaign to young adult so they can look forward to own a BMW when they can afford one. Analysis of Company Evaluation of Alternatives Alternative #1, 2, and 3 should only be considered as a short term alternative that can achieve quick beneficial results with no long term prospects because all the alternatives evolve around the same film concept, which eventually will wear out and target audience will not be interested in it anymore. Alternative #4 takes into account with BMW’s long term goal, to be the leader in the industry with innovative campaigns. However, developing a new concept takes time and research before implementation, therefore some immediate alternatives needs to be done before the new campaign kicks in. Alternative #5, 6, or 7 will achieve that goal. Alternative #5 Introduce the BMW films to new markets that may have missed the online films during the campaign period will enable BMW to entice an entirely new segment. By showing the films throughother mediums, BMW will be able to reach a wider audience plus raising the brand awareness. Since this campaign is so successful and unique, BMW can also produce DVD and make itas a collectible item. This alternative is easy to implement, low cost to run, low risk as the campaign is already running with huge success with good reputation. However, other companies may copy the idea and there is a chance that BMW will lose its competitive advantage as the films are getting overly exposed to the original audiences that BMW targeted during the initial campaign period. Therefore, developing another campaign while this is running is necessary in order to achieve BMW’s long term marketing goal. Alternative #6 The other option would be to follow up with another series of films on the heels of the original films. BMW would want to keep the number of films low to try and blend them into the successful original films and not to market them as another series of short films. This alternative will require some time to prepare, and the cost will be much higher in comparison to Alternative #5, which will make it harder as BMW will need more resources in creating a new campaign at the same time. It is easy to implement as all the ground works are in place from the previous films. However, this alternative will have a higher risk than other options due to the high anticipation of BMW to produce high quality films. If any of the film receives negative feedbacks, BMW will risk losing out on the campaign inwhole, plus the reputation of the series. BMW will still keep its competitive advantage with this alternative as they are still the one who leads the marketing trend. Alternative #7 Creating a full length movie can be the next big campaignfor BMW. It is a new approach and will make the brand stand out of all others. The target audience is also much wider in comparison to the initial campaign. It will take a long time to implement, and not as easy as short films because a full length film is more complicated in terms of plot and production. The cost will also go veryhigh that may use up all of BMW’s resources in marketing. It is a two sided sword because if BMW is not placed enough in the film there is no difference in doing product placement in the James Bond movie series; meanwhile if BMW is overly exposed in the film it may create negative feedbacks as it will look like an hour long commercial. The interest level of audience will also be much lower in watching a long commercial than a short film. Decision Criteria Chart Here is the chart for the best 3 alternatives: (X? low score, XXX? high score) Recommendation Based on the analysis above it is evident that the appropriate course of action is to utilize the existing movies in the short term while developing a new full scale marketing plan in the background. By utilizing the existing films BMW will be able to quickly get to market films that they have already completed. They will ride the coat tails of the internet marketing, however by introducing the films to another target markets, BMW will hopefully build on the impact created by the original films. There is relatively low risk to this model because BMW has already invested in the films and by using different mediums to convey their message it is likely that an entirely new market segment will appreciate the films as the original audience did. Although the potential payback may not as great as some off the wall innovative idea, the concept behind releasing the films to a different audience should allow more time and resources to develop another new campaign. If there are enough resources, BMW can also consider creating 1 or 2 more films to avoid losing the competitive advantage toward the target audience. Bmw Films Decision Problem The primary issue faced by Jim McDowell is what to do for his next marketing campaign. He will need to decide what direction BMW will take in order to stay current in the target market and position the brand as the leader in the luxury car industry. A sub issue that Jim is facing is that in order for BMW to stand out compare to the competition, it must be at the forefront of the marketing trend. There is always pressure on innovative marketing campaigns as a bad campaign can lead to severe damage in the company image and reputation. Decision Alternatives There are a number of alternatives that Jim faces when deciding in what direction to move with the BMW marketing campaign. Develop more short films and build a big series out of it. Develop a full length movie for the theatres Do nothing to the existing campaign and move on to develop a new campaign To continue to use the existing BMW films plus developing a new campaign Creating new films on the heels of the original films plus developing a new campaign Develop a full length movie plus developing a new campaign In order to decide the best alternative it is important to look at some key decision criteria. In this case the important factors would be: delivery time, risk, cost, competitive advantage, ease of implementation. Analysis of Industry In the luxury car segment, BMW and Mercedes have stand strong against the strong competition from Japan like Acura, Lexus, Infiniti. In year 2001, BMW is second best luxury car seller, just behind Lexus amount the other ten major luxury brands. However, BMW only ranked 8th in media expenditures, which again proved the great success on their innovative campaign. In terms of customer loyalty, luxury brand customers do tend to stay among the top brands and are very loyal. There are always customers who switch from BMW to Mercedes or the other way around. Since BMW has the competitive advantage of a younger clientele, it is very important for BMW to create marketing campaign to young adult so they can look forward to own a BMW when they can afford one. Analysis of Company Evaluation of Alternatives Alternative #1, 2, and 3 should only be considered as a short term alternative that can achieve quick beneficial results with no long term prospects because all the alternatives evolve around the same film concept, which eventually will wear out and target audience will not be interested in it anymore. Alternative #4 takes into account with BMW’s long term goal, to be the leader in the industry with innovative campaigns. However, developing a new concept takes time and research before implementation, therefore some immediate alternatives needs to be done before the new campaign kicks in. Alternative #5, 6, or 7 will achieve that goal. Alternative #5 Introduce the BMW films to new markets that may have missed the online films during the campaign period will enable BMW to entice an entirely new segment. By showing the films throughother mediums, BMW will be able to reach a wider audience plus raising the brand awareness. Since this campaign is so successful and unique, BMW can also produce DVD and make itas a collectible item. This alternative is easy to implement, low cost to run, low risk as the campaign is already running with huge success with good reputation. However, other companies may copy the idea and there is a chance that BMW will lose its competitive advantage as the films are getting overly exposed to the original audiences that BMW targeted during the initial campaign period. Therefore, developing another campaign while this is running is necessary in order to achieve BMW’s long term marketing goal. Alternative #6 The other option would be to follow up with another series of films on the heels of the original films. BMW would want to keep the number of films low to try and blend them into the successful original films and not to market them as another series of short films. This alternative will require some time to prepare, and the cost will be much higher in comparison to Alternative #5, which will make it harder as BMW will need more resources in creating a new campaign at the same time. It is easy to implement as all the ground works are in place from the previous films. However, this alternative will have a higher risk than other options due to the high anticipation of BMW to produce high quality films. If any of the film receives negative feedbacks, BMW will risk losing out on the campaign inwhole, plus the reputation of the series. BMW will still keep its competitive advantage with this alternative as they are still the one who leads the marketing trend. Alternative #7 Creating a full length movie can be the next big campaignfor BMW. It is a new approach and will make the brand stand out of all others. The target audience is also much wider in comparison to the initial campaign. It will take a long time to implement, and not as easy as short films because a full length film is more complicated in terms of plot and production. The cost will also go veryhigh that may use up all of BMW’s resources in marketing. It is a two sided sword because if BMW is not placed enough in the film there is no difference in doing product placement in the James Bond movie series; meanwhile if BMW is overly exposed in the film it may create negative feedbacks as it will look like an hour long commercial. The interest level of audience will also be much lower in watching a long commercial than a short film. Decision Criteria Chart Here is the chart for the best 3 alternatives: (X? low score, XXX? high score) Recommendation Based on the analysis above it is evident that the appropriate course of action is to utilize the existing movies in the short term while developing a new full scale marketing plan in the background. By utilizing the existing films BMW will be able to quickly get to market films that they have already completed. They will ride the coat tails of the internet marketing, however by introducing the films to another target markets, BMW will hopefully build on the impact created by the original films. There is relatively low risk to this model because BMW has already invested in the films and by using different mediums to convey their message it is likely that an entirely new market segment will appreciate the films as the original audience did. Although the potential payback may not as great as some off the wall innovative idea, the concept behind releasing the films to a different audience should allow more time and resources to develop another new campaign. If there are enough resources, BMW can also consider creating 1 or 2 more films to avoid losing the competitive advantage toward the target audience.

Food assignment SC300 Essay

Do you ever wonder where your food comes from? There are so many different and yummy foods out there for us to enjoy, but it is also good for us to know where they come from. There are many things to consider when choosing the food you consume; economical and agricultural research, animal health, water resources and the importing and exporting of your food. In New York there are many farmers markets all year round that help distribute much of the fruits and vegetables while still using imports from other countries. The USDA, United States Department of Agriculture, provides us with many guidelines on the importing process. When importing meat, poultry and eggs there are five basic steps to follow: it must originate from certified countries, the APHIS, the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services, must be contacted, countries and establishment become eligible by a ‘equivalence determination process’, goods have to reach the labeling requirements and after meeting these expectations it then is inspected one last time by FSIS, Food Safety and Inspection Service. There are certain countries that are eligible to export meat, poultry and eggs to our country. Canada is actually the only country to produce eggs for the U.S. For meat and poultry we can receive our goods from a variety of countries from Australia to Uruguay. The packaging of meat, poultry and eggs is also important, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approves all food packaging material before being shipped. The manufacture has to send a petition along with the food ready to be shipped. â€Å"Packaging materials entering a meat or poultry plant must be accompanied or covered by a guaranty or statement of assurance from the packaging supplier. The guaranty must state that the material complies with the FFDCA. It must also state the brand name, supplier, and conditions for use, including temperature and other limits† (New York State). With following all the steps properly we should be able to receive and consume healthy food. New York State Department of Agriculture has guidelines to disturbing food locally, country wide and international. As a food distributer you have to be licensed and registered. In New York there are numerous amounts of farmers markets working together to distribute fresh healthy food to the people, all year round. Fruits and Vegetables are among the main components of the farmers markets. They provide activities and services to get the food to schools, factories and get them ready for international trade. And all food goes through the proper inspection before the selling of it. New York farmers markets are very thorough in that they give you list of when and where the markets will be held and what times of the year certain products will be available. There are also ecological and economic advantages and disadvantages to locally grown food and imported foods. In New York one of the disadvantages in eating the locally grown food is that some of the lakes surrounding us are not fresh. Some of them are contaminated to the point that you can’t swim in them. It creates a chemical and physical imbalance within the ecosystem forcing New York to outsource water from the bigger lakes, like the Great Lakes or the Finger Lakes. So making sure that the water resources we have are fresh and ready for drinking and the watering of the crops is important. That’s where the advantages come in and there is endless supply of fresh water for the crops and drinking. The ecosystems survive better with the fresh water and the food web can establish itself. When we look at the advantages and disadvantages from an economic stand point in New York the weather can become a common denominator. The weather in New York can be drastic in the winter with the Lake effect just waiting to kick in. But, New York is also known for the farmers markets that are all year round. The summers are hot and the winters are bitterly cold but with all the farming land surrounding the big NY it’s hard not to take advantage of the weather. When we think about our food and all the options we have how do we decide what’s best for our families? We have choices to make when purchasing food; when we buy chicken do we get organic or not? These choices do impact us globally; hence â€Å"Think Globally, Act Locally.† Our environment is important and it’s also the nesting ground for our food source. We as the people should make sure our actions and decisions gear toward protecting the world we live in. When purchasing our food I do believe that the best would be organic. It supplies our animals with the healthiest appetite to provide the best produce to us. Farmers markets are the best way to support your town or community and making sure you also are getting healthy food for you family. Everything plays apart with something else and making sure we do our part would be making sure we are the healthiest we can be. References New York State. (n.d.). Department of Agriculture and Markets. In New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets. Retrieved September 30, 2013, from http://www.agriculture.ny.gov/TheDepartment.html. Trefil, J., & Hazen, R.M. (2011). The Sciences: An integrated approach. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. USDA. (n.d.). Importing Goods. In United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved September 30, 2013, from http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?navid=IMPORTING_GOODS.

Free Essays on Gnostics

Though Rome was unbending in its demand of obeisance to the state, it tolerated a remarkably free expression of religious thought. Within its borders could be found groups adhering to ideas of Eastern Buddhism, Persian Zoroastrianism, the Egyptian Hermetic tradition, Jewish monotheism, the sun worship of Mithras, and Greek Platonic thought. Gnosticism was one of these religions. It had its own sacred scriptures and ideas but it also freely borrowed from other traditions, developing a richly endowed theology. Alexandria was the main center of learning in the empire, its library the most famous of antiquity. In this great city at the mouth of the Nile congregated groups of varied culture and creed. Yet despite the outward signs of political peace and unity there was raging within the Roman soul a moral war. The accumulation of vast riches in the upper strata of society, excessive and cruel taxation of the peasants, widespread slavery, and disrespect for human life had risen to such a height that the inner decay they spread was destroying the heart of the nation. For this reason numerous groups were seeking to counter the prevailing decadence with a return to a higher morality. Throughout the empire, in the deserts or forests of the land, small societies of spiritual seekers began to gather. Often they led ascetic lives, determined to address the dissolution they saw in mainstream culture. In cities like Alexandria were born schools of philosophy, and great moral teachers sought to instil their students with higher ideals. The Christian groups in time became one of the loudest voices against the evils of the empire. They taught simplicity and communal sharing. Decrying the lot of the poor and oppressed, they denounced slavery and the brutality of the Roman gladiatorial games which slaughtered the underprivileged by the thousands. Many of the disaffected joined their ranks. Rome had always speedily silenced such popular protest, either ... Free Essays on Gnostics Free Essays on Gnostics Though Rome was unbending in its demand of obeisance to the state, it tolerated a remarkably free expression of religious thought. Within its borders could be found groups adhering to ideas of Eastern Buddhism, Persian Zoroastrianism, the Egyptian Hermetic tradition, Jewish monotheism, the sun worship of Mithras, and Greek Platonic thought. Gnosticism was one of these religions. It had its own sacred scriptures and ideas but it also freely borrowed from other traditions, developing a richly endowed theology. Alexandria was the main center of learning in the empire, its library the most famous of antiquity. In this great city at the mouth of the Nile congregated groups of varied culture and creed. Yet despite the outward signs of political peace and unity there was raging within the Roman soul a moral war. The accumulation of vast riches in the upper strata of society, excessive and cruel taxation of the peasants, widespread slavery, and disrespect for human life had risen to such a height that the inner decay they spread was destroying the heart of the nation. For this reason numerous groups were seeking to counter the prevailing decadence with a return to a higher morality. Throughout the empire, in the deserts or forests of the land, small societies of spiritual seekers began to gather. Often they led ascetic lives, determined to address the dissolution they saw in mainstream culture. In cities like Alexandria were born schools of philosophy, and great moral teachers sought to instil their students with higher ideals. The Christian groups in time became one of the loudest voices against the evils of the empire. They taught simplicity and communal sharing. Decrying the lot of the poor and oppressed, they denounced slavery and the brutality of the Roman gladiatorial games which slaughtered the underprivileged by the thousands. Many of the disaffected joined their ranks. Rome had always speedily silenced such popular protest, either ...

Tips for Creating and Scoring Essay Tests

Tips for Creating and Scoring Essay Tests Essay tests are useful for teachers when they want students to select, organize, analyze, synthesize, and/or evaluate information. In other words, they rely on the upper levels of Blooms Taxonomy. There are two types of essay questions: restricted and extended response. Restricted Response - These essay questions limit what the student will discuss in the essay based on the wording of the question. For example, State the main differences between John Adams and Thomas Jeffersons beliefs about federalism, is a restricted response. What the student is to write about has been expressed to them within the question.Extended Response - These allow students to select what they wish to include in order to answer the question. For example, In Of Mice and Men, was Georges killing of Lennie justified? Explain your answer. The student is given the overall topic, but they are free to use their own judgment and integrate outside information to help support their opinion. Student Skills Required for Essay Tests Before expecting students to perform well on either type of essay question, we must make sure that they have the required skills to excel. Following are four skills that students should have learned and practiced before taking essay exams: The ability to select appropriate material from the information learned in order to best answer the question.The ability to organize that material in an effective manner.The ability to show how ideas relate and interact in a specific context.The ability to write effectively in both sentences and paragraphs. Constructing an Effective Essay Question Following are a few tips to help in the construction of effective essay questions: Begin with the lesson objectives in mind. Make sure to know what you wish the student to show by answering the essay question.Decide if your goal requires a restricted or extended response. In general, if you wish to see if the student can synthesize and organize the information that they learned, then restricted response is the way to go. However, if you wish them to judge or evaluate something using the information taught during class, then you will want to use the extended response.If you are including more than one essay, be cognizant of time constraints. You do not want to punish students because they ran out of time on the test.Write the question in a novel or interesting manner to help motivate the student.State the number of points that the essay is worth. You can also provide them with a time guideline to help them as they work through the exam.If your essay item is part of a larger objective test, make sure that it is the last item on the exam. Scoring the Essay Item One of the downfalls of essay tests is that they lack in reliability. Even when teachers grade essays with a well-constructed rubric, subjective decisions are made. Therefore, it is important to try and be as reliable as possible when scoring your essay items. Here are a few tips to help improve reliability in grading: Determine whether you will use a holistic or analytic scoring system before you write your rubric. With the holistic grading system, you evaluate the answer as a whole, rating papers against each other. With the analytic system, you list specific pieces of information and award points for their inclusion.Prepare the essay rubric in advance. Determine what you are looking for and how many points you will be assigning for each aspect of the question.Avoid looking at names. Some teachers have students put numbers on their essays to try and help with this.Score one item at a time. This helps ensure that you use the same thinking and standards for all students.Avoid interruptions when scoring a specific question. Again, consistency will be increased if you grade the same item on all the papers in one sitting.If an important decision like an award or scholarship is based on the score for the essay, obtain two or more independent readers.Beware of negative influences that can affect essay s coring. These include handwriting and writing style bias, the length of the response, and the inclusion of irrelevant material. Review papers that are on the borderline a second time before assigning a final grade.

Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 11

Nursing - Essay Example It provides the anticipated levels of education that nurses in the country should conform to. This is clearly spelt out in recommendations 4, 5 and 6. In order to ensure that I align myself with these recommendations, I will endeavor to earn my degree in the next two years. A degree forms the foundation of the advancement in career to the higher levels. After the degree, I look forward to a work experience of between three and five years. After this, I will go for the master’s degree. I strongly belief that there is need to balance between work experience and level of study. Upon completion of the Master’s, then I will get in for PhD in the next one or two years. Increasing the level of education will have far-reaching implications towards becoming a proficient nurse. The essence of gaining some experience in practice of nursing is geared towards providing a broad understanding of the profession. Theory and practice have many differences, of which I endeavor to explore. Education is very important because it will help me to explore the experience that I will have met in practice. This is the reason I am convinced that education and practice should go hand in hand; this is because they are complementary in nature. Education will also open me to new ideas and techniques that were not fully explored at the Bachelor’s level. Additionally, further education will open my mind in order to engage in research that will help promote nursing profession. My role in nursing will be facilitated by higher education. At the beginning of my career as a junior nurse, I will have the basic nursing tasks to conduct. With additional experience and higher education, my roles will have to change, for example, I will endeavor to specialize in research. Therefore, at the beginning I will have to work under a known researcher but later on will develop projects of my own. Having completed my master’s and PhD, engaging in research

Business report for Cadbury Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business report for Cadbury - Essay Example ortfolio on the other hand it will surely provide opportunities for Cadbury for further expand its business and achieve organic growth opted in its strategies. The report not only evaluates company’s present situation but also makes useful findings regarding the company’s future and put forth recommendations for the company to remain a successful entity. This business report has been furnished in order to provide a critical assessment of the business environment in which Cadbury is operating and identify the recent changes that have occurred in the company’s business that has led to change in its ownership which of course has implications for its current business strategy and also future growth prospects. The report utilizes different business models to provide a summative report on the company’s ability to remain as a success in the packaged food industry. This analysis is also supported by financial ratio analysis that provides useful insight into the company’s financial performance and assists in evaluating why changes in the company’s business and strategy are imminent. Finally, recommendations are made for the next years of operations in light with the present corporate strategy of the company. Cadbury has remained a British iconic company for almost 183 years before it was sold to a US company Kraft. The company was established in 1824 by Quaker John Cadbury and later merged with a Swiss counterpart to form Cadbury Schweppes in 1969. Over the years the company had developed product lines into candy and non-alcoholic drinks market. However, as the company focused more on its confectionaries business it decided to sell off its seven famous drink brands that were once important part of the company’s business. Strategically the company has remained a successful business however in the recent years the company has gone through a tough period of hostile takeover bid by Kraft that has generated uncertainties regarding various business segments and

The topic for your paper will be Baze v Rees, a Supreme Court hearing Term

The topic for your will be Baze v Rees, a Supreme Court hearing on lethal injection. The question for your 3-4 page - Term Paper Example First and foremost, the main argument on the part of the Baze’s lawyers was that sodium thiopental, the first drug to be given, is likely to be injected improperly making the petitioners feel an ominous pain before the final death provoked by the second and the third drugs, pancuronium bromide and potassium chloride (Supreme Court, 2008). It is a precedent to appeal to the 8th Amendment. The idea is that this prescription to the paramount law document of the US judicial system gives ground to consider causing pain as an undemocratic step within the law system and capital punishment at large. Insofar, the 8th Amendment states as follows: â€Å"Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted† (U.S. Constitution - Amendment 8, 2010, p. 1). Thus, the Constitution provides a particular background to justify the case of Baze v. Rees. Thus, an unconstitutional administration of lethal injection had become the main thesis by the petitioners – both convicted in double homicide – stating that there is the â€Å"risk that the protocol’s terms might not be properly followed, resulting in significant pain† (Mandery, 2011, p. 483). ... There were different arguments to make such a conclusion. First of all, â€Å"cruel and unusual punishments† are those inflicted for the sake of the punishment and pain, in particular. Thereupon, lethal injection does not presuppose disembowelment, torture, beheading, burning alive or some substantial risk going apart from humane procedures regarding capital punishment. To say more, three justices had a concurrent claim that following the case Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U. S. 153, capital punishment complies with the constitutional norms: â€Å"Because some risk of pain is inherent in even the most humane execution method, if only from the prospect of error in following the required procedure, the Constitution does not demand the avoidance of all risk of pain† (Supreme Court, 2008, p. 1). This is the standpoint supported by the majority of the Court. It makes a strong assumption that has nothing to do with the precedent of Wilkerson v. Utah, 99 U. S. 130 (Supreme Court, 2008 ). Nonetheless, petitioners overall claim of the substantial risk in case of improper following the administration of the lethal injection encountered another counter claim by the Court. In this respect the minimal risk is imposed while mixing the death â€Å"cocktail†, and it is a generally accepted fact which suggests â€Å"manufacturers’ thiopental package insert instructions† to be clear to follow even by a newbie (Supreme Court, 2008). The alternative proposed by the petitioners did not correspond to the humane character of the 8th Amendment. As a matter of fact barbiturate-only protocol used primarily by the veterinarians to put animals to sleep was not acceptable in this respect (Supreme Court, 2008). It would definitely go apart with the federal system of capital

Religious Experience is Nothing but Fantasy Essay Example for Free

Religious Experience is Nothing but Fantasy Essay The above criticism to religious belief was proposed by Sigmund Freud; who thought that the origin of relig exp (religious experience) is rooted in the unconscious and that they are a product of eschewed psychosexual development. Freud rejected any appeal to the supernatural to explain these occurrences as our mind regularly deludes itself, pointing to dreams as an obvious example. The materialistic approach to explaining relig exp has led scientists to pinpoint specific physical causes of this phenomena; St Paul of Tarsus is thought to have possessed a form of epilepsy. In this case, Pauls relig exp would be a fantasy but perceived as real experience. A theistic challenge to materialism is that God and organic explanations of religious phenomena. In this way our brains may be wired up to experience God; materialism does not necessarily deem all relig exp fantasy. But how does one explain those who do not experience religious phenomena? Are some people born with Gods calling card? This in my mind is where atheists and theists will never agree; theists will say God only chooses some to be his messengers and atheists will say that our genetics and upbringing predispose some of us to superstition. In this way we cannot know whether each and every religious experience is fantasy; a conclusion reached by Bertrand Russell who reasoned that the fundamental truth that we cannot get inside someone elses head and verify the experience deems this argument irresolvable. William James set out specific criteria for a religious experience. For example, the experience must be transient i.e it is temporary and therefore cannot be sustained. This conveniently prevents science from examining the psychological causes of the experience; further evidence that this argument is irresolvable. James based in conclusions in part on Pragmatism; the doctrine that truth is the acceptable conclusion for whomever concerned; in this sense, religious experiences are very much true to the believer. This would be seconded by Ludwig Wittgenstein who indentified religion as a closed language game; proposing that the experiences are fantasy is not an accepted move and is only know to the outside observer. Ergo, to say religious experiences are fantasy excludes the one accepted explanation upon which religion is based; God did it. The term fantasy is vague; does this indicate a belief that we want to be true and know is false or rather a true deception ourselves. The former seems plausible in the case of Mass Hysteria e.g The Toronto Blessing, where our desire to fit in overtakes our desire to be right; what psychologists call Normative Social Influence. As James pointed out, these psychological explanations do not necessarily reject God. However, they do give us no reason to believe in him via Occams razor (believe in the most simple of the explanations) and thus reckon religious experiences as fantasy. This brings to mind Anthony Flews Death by 1000 qualifications; constantly changing the goalposts for the definition of God so that the eventual result is an idea that possesses no verifiable or falsifiable claim. Thus God cannot be counted in or out of existence, or even on the fence. Kant objected to the term religious experience; calling it a contradiction. How can we experience that which is fundamentally beyond our sensory capacity? We experience people and trees and the world around us because it is finite; as are we. We can level the challenge that we experience the universe, which is infinite, but that we experience finite sections of the infinite set. Similarly we can count numbers but not count to the be it and end all of real of the numbers. God we can experience in short, transient bursts but cannot experience the sum of him; this is not logically impossible. Kants reasoning is not the reason to reject religious experience as fantasy; as with religion there can only be one wholly true explanation of religious phenomena. Only one religion can be wholly true as they make incompatible claims; and so we must dismiss most religious experiences as fantasy. And if we reject most religious experiences, then those remaining must be of the same psychological nature so they too can be dismissed as fantasy. Jamess pluralism is merely another get out clause; another death by 1000 qual which offers no explanation to how faiths are linked, and is infinitely less simple than materialism. In conclusion, not every criticism levelled against religious experience is sound. However, only one is sufficient; that because we can track the experience of God to psycho/physiological phenomena, there is no reason left to believe in God even though the two are not mutually exclusive. Since the debate cannot be resolved ala Russell, we must assume the answer is not the theistic one.

A Man Called Horse Character Analysis :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dorothy Johnson in â€Å"A Man Called Horse† writes about a young man who was born and raised in Boston. He lives in a gracious home under his grandmothers and grandfather’s loving care. For some reason, he is discontent. He leaves home to try to find out the reason for his discontent. Upon leaving he undergoes a change in status and opinion of himself and others. He begins a wealthy young man arrogant and spoiled, becomes a captive of Crow Indians- docile and humble, and emerges a man equal to all.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The young man begins the story wealthy and spoiled. Johnson in the opening paragraphs suggest that the protagonist is just a wealthy and spoiled young man. He is just in search for a new life, â€Å"...he still brooded about his status in the world, longing for his equals.† So he decided to travel out West in search for these equals. Even though his â€Å"...father had raged and his grandmother had cried...†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Upon leaving Boston, the young man’s status and attitude change drastically. He becomes a captive of Crow Indians who treat him badly. He becomes property of a â€Å"...scrawny, shrieking, eternally busy old woman with ragged graying hair..† He must gain her trust to earn more freedom around the camp and such. During this time he was â€Å"...finding out what loneliness could be.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  He earns a future, and in his final stage of transformation becomes a man equal to all. This happens after he marries Pretty Calf and understands their customs and traditions. The captive was like a horse all summer, â€Å"...docile bearer of burdens, careful and patient..† Until he earned trust that is.

William and the Khans

With little gifts to bear, William is advised by the merchants of Constantinople that the captains and the Mongol Khans must be greeted with gifts, otherwise he will not be looked upon properly (William, p. 49). William embarked on this mission to deliver a letter on behalf of King Louis IX to Scratch, and to encourage conversion to Christianity. However, In his encounters with Scratch, Abate, and Managua Khan the purpose of his visit is misunderstood by a linguistic misinterpretation.Despite his allure to convert many people to Christianity, his letter is significant in presenting some of the educational and religious movements occurring within Europe, and the relations that were emerging through commerce In the thirteenth century. Rupee's growing emphasis on education would broaden the horizons of Christianity, and commerce created interconnectedness among cultures regardless of religious differences. Western Europe developed a growing desire for advancements In education during th e twelfth century.Places such as Toledo, spawn was â€Å"renowned as a center f learning where Muslims, Jews, and Christians freely intermingled† (Smith, Crossroads p. 414). After the Latin translations of Aristotle works began to enhance the method of thought towards the natural world, Pope Innocent Ill, along with the other popes of Rome, â€Å"placed Pearls schools of theology under their own supervision†, and recognized them as the first university (Smith, Crossroads, p. 414). The school's basis on Christianity was built on language of religion, translation of texts, and the notion of spreading Christian values.With driven by such educational ND religious values, William Informed King Louis IX that his letter had been translated into Arabic and Syrian, so that it could be interpreted for Scratch Khan (William, p. 105). To his misfortune, the lack of linguistic accuracy did not allow the letter to be delivered as he expected. From this mistake, he was sent to see Ab ate, who then sent him to see Managua Khan. Upon seeing Managua, William was Informed that Abate had sent a letter to Managua informing him that he had â€Å"asked for troops and aid from Scratch against the Saracens (William, p, 166). Pone hearing this, William as overcome with a sense of astonishment and annoyance toward what he believed to be a misinterpretation. However, during this period Europe was heavily involved In the Crusades, and a plea for assistance from King Louis IX by letter might have been a probability. Western European universities promoted a sense of support for the 1 OFF to be overcome to properly interact the religious teachings. Williams attempts, though futile, were agreeable with the church and universities in the spread of Christianity.Along the way to Khartoum, William encounters many people of diverse cultural ND religious backgrounds. Some of which include Muslims, Tibetan, Buddhists, and Insertion Christians. With such a willingness to allow the exist ence of other religious sects in the Mongolia Empire, there is a better sense of commercial mentality throughout the land. During this century, economic growth â€Å"was driven by rising agricultural productivity, population increases, and the expansion of markets, rather than revolutionary changes in industrial organization and technology' (Smith, Crossroads, p. 381).European benefactors that contributed to this growing immemorial environment include, innovations in navigation such as the nautical compass, Portland, and the astrolabe (Smith, Crossroads, p. 382). Intercultural commerce became interdependent and more efficient. In the sass's â€Å"the Mongol conquests dominate the history of Eurasia†, which allowed them to control many components of commerce along China, the Pacific Ocean, and the Mediterranean (Smith, Crossroads, p. 443). This reign in intercultural trade and commerce was expressed in the Mongol's excessive representation of pride in their culture, and apath y towards others.Before Williams encounter with Abate, he mentions that â€Å"they have risen so much in their pride, that though they may believe somewhat in Christ, yet will they no be called Christian, wishing to exalt their own name of Moll above all other† (William, p. 107). As a leading culture, the Mongols represent their religious and political dominance by moral expressions, and a vast control in agricultural trade around the time of Williams visit. The connections between Williams visit to Khartoum, and Rupee's new found sire for educational institutions can be drawn together by a desire for advancement.Just as educational acknowledgements in â€Å"Christian teachings, Summary Theological† were core ideas for progress in the overgrowing number of Universities, the spread of Christianity had a similar drive within European society (Smith, Crossroads, p. 414). Williams attempt to translate the French Kings letter was done in a hopeful effort to make it understa ndable to Scratch, and to show his acceptance of Christianity as suspected prior to the mission. Rather than converting Scratch, he as sent to see Abate, where his mission and efforts of conversion continued.Williams experience throughout his Journey was one of constant struggle. He was thoroughly misunderstood by the Mongolia people, and was looked down upon at various times. During this period the Mongolia Empire had a sense of superiority for their culture, which was a reflection of their successes. Controlling and preserving China's â€Å"agriculture way of life would generate far greater rewards†, and would allow them ample opportunities in the trade market (Crossroads and Cultures, p. 42).Despite Williams detailed recollections, the events and circumstances that surrounded him superseded the importance of a single friar on a conquest to covert people into Christians. Following his Journey, he noted that his efforts only allowed him to convert six people. Whether this ac count is truthful is unknown. His recollections must be taken as observations of a time period, rather than an when we observe how the outside world reacted towards the writer, we are able to get a better perspective of the time and context of discussion.

Four Key Barriers to Communication Essay

There are four key barriers to communication. These barriers are Process barriers, personal barriers, physical barriers and semantic barriers. As a manager I plan to overcome all of these barriers using guidelines, tools, processes and procedures. Process barriers are a big barrier to communication. The process of communication involves sending and receiving a message between two people. Sometimes things go wrong during the transmission of information. To overcome these barriers I would work on my communication skills. I would make sure I am speaking slowly and clearly in easy to understand terms. I would ask the other person to repeat back to me what I said and make sure I use my listening skills to fully understand what they comprehended. I will also not use text messages or email to communication. I will rely on phone and face to face. Another barrier to communication is personal barriers. Personal barriers are related to trust and ego. If two people don’t trust each other the communication process will be distorted. I will use honesty and integrity to earn the trust of my employees. I will not let my ego get in the way of how I run my business. We will have a strict policy for honesty, respect and fair treatment of employees. Physical barriers are pertaining to distance time and work office noise. Sometimes because of distance and time companies use email to communicate. I feel that this is not as good as face to face communication because communication is often misunderstood through email. I will enforce a strict policy of actually talking to each other rather than emailing. Phone calls and Skype will be our primary form of communication at our company. Everyone will have their own office to cut down on background noises. Flex time schedules will be used to compensate for the time difference on the west coast. Sematic barriers are encoding and decoding errors because of phrases and jargon. Cultural diversity is a key contributor to sematic barriers. As a manager I will not allow any company jargon or phrases to be used. We will only speak in terms that the average person could understand. Also when hiring new employees they will be interviewed by 3 different managers with  different foreign accents. If they have trouble understanding different accents then they will not be hired. We will also encourage hiring a very diverse workforce from every culture.